Pray for BANGLADESH

Christianity is the fourth-largest religion in Bangladesh, practiced by approximately 0.30% of the population (roughly 488,583 to 640,000 people). While a minority, the community has a deep historical presence and a significant impact on the country’s social fabric through education and healthcare.

Demographics and Distribution

Ethnic Composition: The community is primarily composed of Bengali Christians and members of various indigenous ethnic minorities, including the Garo, Santal, Khasi, Oraon, and Bawm.
Geographical Concentrations: Christians are found throughout the country, with notable concentrations in:
- Dhaka Division: Specifically in areas like Tejgaon, Muhammadpur, and Gazipur.
- Chittagong Division: Historically significant due to early Portuguese influence; major areas include Patharghata and the Chittagong Hill Tracts.
- Other Regions: Significant populations also exist in Barisal, Khulna, and Rajshahi.

Major Denominations

The Christian community is divided into two main branches:

Roman Catholicism: The largest denomination, led by the Archdiocese of Dhaka. It oversees multiple dioceses and operates approximately 270 schools.
Protestantism: Includes various denominations such as the Bangladesh Baptist Sangha, Assemblies of God, and the Church of Bangladesh, which is a united church of Anglicans and Presbyterians.

Historical Background

Portuguese Origins: Christianity was introduced in the late 16th century by Portuguese traders and missionaries in Chittagong. The first church was inaugurated in Jessore in 1600.
British Missionary Influence: Figures like William Carey were pivotal in the 18th and 19th centuries, establishing schools and translating the Bible into Bengali.

Current Social and Political Context

Contributions: Christians are highly regarded for their contributions to education and healthcare. They established some of the nation’s most prestigious institutions, such as Notre Dame College and Holy Cross College.
Recent Turmoil: Following the ousting of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina in August 2024, the community has faced a surge in violence and harassment from extremist groups amid a political power vacuum.
Elections 2026: Following the landslide victory of the BNP-led alliance in February 2026, Christian leaders have urged the new government to prioritize the security and welfare of minority communities.

Legal Status and Freedom of Religion

The Constitution of Bangladesh recognizes Islam as the state religion but also guarantees freedom of religion and equal rights for all faiths. However, the Open Doors World Watch List 2025 ranks Bangladesh as a country where Christians face significant “intense” persecution, particularly those from Muslim or tribal backgrounds who convert to Christianity.